Research led by Queen’s University Belfast found the temperatures at 14 of the 16 stadiums being used for the 2026 World Cup could exceed potentially dangerous levels during the tournament.

Philadelphia, which is one of the US cities hosting matches, was under a severe heat warning during one of Chelsea’s training sessions this summer when temperatures reached 37C but because of the 45% humidity conditions felt more like 45C.

England, who have qualified for the tournament with two games to spare, would benefit from later kick-offs when temperatures have cooled, according to manager Thomas Tuchel.

“For sure, that would definitely help,” said James, “later kick-offs when it’s not so hot and humid. That would definitely help.”

England are planning a warm-weather training camp in Florida to help acclimatise for the tournament and will also build a “heat-proof” game plan, said assistant Anthony Barry.

Asked if football’s world governing body has contacted him for feedback after the Club World Cup, James added: “No, I haven’t been asked about my thoughts on kick-off times.

“I’m sure they will have asked someone. Maybe managers or people at the clubs. I’m sure they will have got some feedback.”